This ugly rodent lives 500 human years (and we know why)


Hi Reader,

Scientists just cracked the code on why naked mole rats live 10x longer than other rodents. Your microbiome is forever impacted by not only antibiotics, but even common meds like anti-depressants (SSRIs) and heartburn relief (PPIs).

While it's conference season (more on this later), the science world has not been resting—with more discoveries than ever in our quest to live longer, better.

Announcing: Quality Health Creators – I've started a community for health content creators who are seeking mentorship and guidance on their quest to improve health-related social media content. Our first masterclass will be next week Fri 10/24 at noon EST: Sign Up Here

The ugly rodent that lives 10x longer 🐭

Naked mole rats look like overcooked hot dogs with teeth. They live underground in colonies. And by every rule of mammalian biology, they shouldn't exist.

These 60-gram rodents should live 3-6 years like other mice. Instead, they cruise past 30—roughly equivalent to a human living 500+ years. At 25 years old, a naked mole rat has the physiological profile of a 2-year-old mouse. No cancer. Minimal cardiovascular disease.

For decades, we knew they were special. We just didn't know why.

The four mutations that rewrote the aging playbook

A paper published just last week in Science found four mutations in a gene called cGAS—and these mutations fundamentally changed how naked mole rats handle DNA damage.

Here's the problem: cGAS is your cellular alarm system. When DNA breaks (constantly, as you age), cGAS triggers inflammation to clear damaged cells. Works great at 25.

By 65, it's a disaster. Your DNA damage accumulates. cGAS keeps screaming. Chronic inflammation (inflammaging) destroys your tissues faster than the damage itself.

Naked mole rats solved this with four mutations that:

  1. Enhanced DNA repair - Fix damage faster and more accurately
  2. Dampened inflammation - The alarm works without torching the building

They uncoupled surveillance from immune overdrive. Result: 30+ year lifespans with negligible cancer rates.

Why this matters for us

This is a longevity drug target. Compounds already exist targeting the cGAS pathway for autoimmune diseases. The question is whether anyone will repurpose these for healthy aging rather than waiting for disease.

What you need to know:

  • This explains inflammaging mechanistically for the first time
  • The pathway is druggable (unlike many aging targets)
  • Human trials could start within 2-3 years if funding moves fast

What you can do now:

Nothing replicates these mutations, but you can reduce inflammatory burden on your DNA repair:

Control blood sugar - Glucose/insulin spikes create DNA-damaging oxidative stress

Prioritize sleep - DNA repair peaks during deep sleep

Reduce visceral fat - Adipose tissue is an inflammation factory

The drugs and gene therapy targeting this pathway aren't ready. But the lifestyle factors that reduce DNA damage and inflammation work right now.

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The love hormone that became the longevity hormone

What hormone is famous for childbirth and pair bonding—but never mentioned in anti-aging circles?

Oxytocin. Until now.

It works even in the elderly

Researchers took elderly mice (equivalent to 80-year-old humans) and gave them a two-drug combo: oxytocin (to restore youthful levels) plus an Alk5 inhibitor (to block age-related fibrosis).

The results published in Aging-US:

Elderly male mice: 70%+ extension of remaining lifespan

Both sexes: Major healthspan improvements (mobility, metabolism, less frailty)

Side effects: Minimal

They took old mice—already in late life—and gave them 70% more healthy years. Even a fraction of this effect in humans would be transformative.

It makes sense when you look at the science

Oxytocin was hiding in plain sight. We knew levels decline with age but thought it was just about reproduction. Turns out it's a conserved aging hallmark influencing:

  • Muscle maintenance
  • Metabolic flexibility
  • Inflammation regulation (inflammaging again)
  • Cellular stress resistance

The Alk5 inhibitor blocks TGF-β pathway activity, which drives tissue stiffening with age. The combo creates synergy.

The part that makes this real

Both components are already clinically viable:

Oxytocin: FDA-approved for decades. Safety profile is rock solid.

Alk5 inhibitors: In clinical trials for fibrotic diseases. Toxicology well-characterized.

This all means human trials could start next year given safety data.

The catch: These were elderly mice with significant decline. If you're 35 and healthy, this might do nothing. We don't know human dosing, frequency, or whether continuous use is safe long-term.

Key finding: Lifespan extension strongest in males, but healthspan benefits in both sexes. Men and women age differently at the molecular level—we need sex-stratified trials, not averaged results.

What you should do:

❌ Don't start taking oxytocin nasal sprays for longevity quite yet

Twenty-second hugs boost oxytocin and lower cortisol. Eight hugs per day changes your physiology. Petting your dog works. Exercise with friends works.

✓ If you're a clinician/researcher, advocate for funding

⚡ This Week's Longevity Speed Round

LAV-BPIFB4 gene therapy tackles Progeria heart aging: Single injection of this centenarian-linked gene variant improved heart function, reduced fibrosis, and cleared senescent cells in Progeria (fast aging) models and human cells.

We're catastrophically unprepared for longer lives: John Hancock/MIT's new Longevity Preparedness Index surveyed 1,300 Americans. Average score: 61/100. Most people moderately unprepared despite U.S. over-65 population growing 40% by 2050.

Your social life beats supplements: Cornell study confirms strong relationships slow cellular aging better than most interventions. Deeper connections reduce inflammation and boost longevity gene expression.

AI shrinking drug discovery from decades to weeks: Sinclair's lab using AI to distill datasets into molecular cocktails. 2025 trial boom incoming—cellular reprogramming, NAD+ precursors, senolytics. Long Life Family Study sequencing ~7,800 genomes to fuel AI predictions. Infrastructure finally catching up.

Buck Institute's GlYLO approach extends mouse lifespan: Taming harmful sugar-protein bonds (glycation) improved metabolic health and longevity. Could translate to human diets or drugs for diabetes and aging.

Where You Can Find Me

I've got some cool events coming up where we can geek out about longevity in person:

🌐 HLTH USA – Longevity Session – Oct 19–22, Las Vegas. Panel: “Death Becomes Optional.” I'm on stage with the CEO of Nestle Health Science and CSO of Niagen Biosciences. Use code 25HLTH_SPKG_250 for $250 off

✍️ Quality Health Creators – Oct 24, Virtual Masterclass: How Dr. David Hindin Built 65K+ Followers Across Platforms While Transforming Healthcare Innovation. I'm starting a community where we host free masterclasses and more - join us!

🚀 The Longevity Global Summit 2025 – Dec 9, Novato, CA. Clinical Panel. I'm so excited to speak at the Buck Institute with the movers and shakers of longevity! Code SUMMITSPEAKER15 for 15% off

Support The Longevity Letter via your longevity purchases

NeuroAgeTx is offering the most comprehensive and science-backed brain aging package to The Longevity Letter readers at up to 61% off (affiliate link here)

Timeline offers the patented Urolithin A for scientifically proven mitochondrial support (Code CARECORE for 10% off).

The Bottom Line

Naked mole rats are inspiring us. Four mutations solved aging by enhancing DNA repair while suppressing runaway inflammation. We now know the exact pathway. The infrastructure to target it exists.

The only question: will we fund it fast enough, or will we wait for disease to force our hand?

Oxytocin is aging's most overlooked hormone. A 70% remaining lifespan extension in elderly mice using components already in clinical use. Meanwhile, you don't have to wait for trials. The data is clear—social touch isn't optional for healthy aging.

The pattern this week is inflammaging. It shows up in naked mole rats. It shows up in oxytocin decline. DNA damage triggers it. Hormonal shifts worsen it. The most promising interventions don't just extend lifespan—they decouple damage from inflammatory overreaction.

What you can do now:

  • Control blood sugar.
  • Prioritize sleep.
  • Reduce visceral fat.
  • Get your 8 daily hugs.

These aren't placeholders while we wait for drugs—they directly reduce DNA damage burden and inflammatory load right now.

Hillary Lin, MD

Co-Founder & CEO

Care Core

Follow me for more longevity insights: YouTube | LinkedIn | Instagram | TikTok

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Hillary Lin, MD

💪 Stanford MD, Internal Medicine Board Certified Physician 💪 Longevity, Healthspan, Proactive Health 💪 Serial founder, Newsletter, Podcast https://hillarylinmd.com

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